The town of Batkhela is located in the district of Malakand. The British rulers established a high school in the town in 1935. The town is home to one Degree College for boys, two Secondary Schools and one High Secondary School for girls. There are also several private schools in the area.
SPS campus
The SPS campus in Batkhela offers all-round education. Students can attend classes from nursery to intermediate level. The campus has modern facilities, trained faculty, and well-furnished laboratories. There are more than 60 academic departments that offer courses ranging from preschool to intermediate. At the junior level, the school is gender-neutral.
Located in Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, SPS & College Batkhela campus offers quality education. The campus features classrooms, boarding facilities, a large playground, and car parking facilities. The campus is staffed by talented teachers and is open from 0700 to 2pm. SPS campus in Batkhela started out as a school and has since expanded into a complete educational facility.
Amrasa
Amrasa is a circular shaped, sweet pastry with a unique taste. It can be soft or crispy, and it is often topped with sesame seeds. It is very popular in Pakistan and in neighboring South Asian countries. This recipe consists of simple ingredients, such as flour, sugar, ghee, and eggs. Once the ingredients are measured out and mixed, the Amrasa dough is ready to bake.
Amrasa originated in Malakand, a district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. It is a traditional delicacy in the region, which has since been exported to other cities. It can keep fresh for days, which makes it popular as a gift. It is sold like hot dogs and is eaten on special occasions, including weddings and birthdays.
Herbaceous plants
Herbaceous plants are plants that have medicinal properties. These plants are abundant in the wild and are easily accessible in the world. They also have many different uses. They are both an ornamental and a source of food for local people. In Batkhela, over fifty species of herbaceous plants are used daily by local people. Some species of herbaceous plants are used in traditional medicine while others are used as fuel or fodder.
Ground ivy, which is also known as creeping Charlie or creeping Jenny, is a perennial plant that grows in disturbed areas. Its leaves are heart-shaped and alternate along its stem. The lower leaves grow up to 10 inches in length and are smooth or hairy. The stems and flowers are branched. Flowers are clustered at the tip of the stem and are white raylike. The inner petals are yellow and fertile. The leaves grow in clusters up to six feet tall.
Herbaceous plants are more accessible than trees or shrubs. They are more common in the world and in Pakistan than many other plants. Gineger et al. reported on ethnobotanical studies of local herbaceous plants in Batkhela, Pakistan. The results show that many people rely on these plants to treat common diseases. The use of these plants differs slightly between different communities.
Plants found in Batkhela include Alhagi mauroum, Bergenia ciliate, Capparis decidua, Datura metel, Lactuca serriola, Mentha longifolia, Taxus wallichiana, and Trianthema portulacastrum. They were collected in the forest and pressed. After drying, the plants were mounted on herbarium sheets for study. These specimens were compared to specimens in the University of Peshawar herbarium.
British contribution to development
Batkhela is a place that has witnessed the influence of the British over the centuries. The British established a raj on the subcontinent, but their policies tended to divide the subcontinent into two. This resulted in the rigidity of the Hindu caste system and the strengthening of communal lines. Despite their efforts, the British were ultimately unsuccessful in stemming the tide of popular opposition to the raj. They made incremental changes, offering tidbits of constitutional reform, but these proved too little to satisfy both sides. Ultimately, World War II ended the British unification of South Asia.
The British raj brought the subcontinent to the brink of open rebellion, but they recognized that the subcontinent was too large for a single province. In the 1850s, the British began to establish tea plantations in the Nilgiri and Assam hills. By the mid-1870s, more than 300 of these plants covered 30,000 acres and produced 3,000 tons of tea. By the end of the century, the British government had succeeded in making India’s tea supply so large that it was no longer outmatched by tea from China in London.
Water quality
Water quality in the Batkhela district of Nepal is a problem mainly due to poor infrastructure. The area has a population of seven million people, yet only 268,309 people have access to water supply from the public health engineering department. Among these, only 59,125 people have access to gravity-based water supply.
To measure the water quality, the study team measured nine physicochemical parameters including pH, EC, turbidity, and DO. These parameters were calculated from samples of drinking water and irrigation. The samples were collected in sterile polythene bottles and transported in a carrier at a standard temperature. The water samples were then measured for dissolved oxygen, phosphate, and chloride using titration methods.
Besides irrigation, residents of the Batkhela canal area also use the water for daily consumption and bathing. Moreover, residents of the area also dump their solid wastes into the canal. Industrial and commercial effluents are also released directly into the water, affecting the quality of water in the area. However, there are no comprehensive studies on the human health risk posed by the water in the study area.
A global positioning system was used to identify sampling sites. The samples were analyzed using a trimetric titration method and an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Light metal concentrations were also determined by using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. Certified reference materials and duplicates were used to ensure quality. The matrix interference was less than 2% for all elements.
