Transamin is an antifibrinolytic agent that prevents or controls bleeding. It comes in various forms including injections, tablets, and a mouthwash. Children’s versions are also available. Its uses include treating nose bleeding, excessive menstrual bleeding, and blood collection in the eyes.
Transamin is an antifibrinolytic agent
Transamin is an antifibrinosis agent that works by inhibiting the activation of plasminogen, a protein that helps blood to clot. It is, used to control and prevent bleeding and comes in various forms, including tablets and injections. Transamin is also available as a mouthwash and liquid for children. It can also be used to treat blood collection in the eyes and nose.
It is a synthetic derivative of the amino acid lysine that inhibits fibrinolysis. When plasma plasminogen interacts with fibrin, it converts to plasmin, which degrades fibrin into fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products. The lysine binding sites of fibrin are essential for fibrin degradation, and TXA has an affinity for these sites.
Transamin (TXA) is the most widely studied antifibrinolytic agent in clinical trials. It has used to treat postpartum hemorrhage, to prevent blood loss following oral surgery, and to control the effects of bleeding following cardiopulmonary bypass and orthopedic surgery.
In addition to the aforementioned mechanisms, transamin inhibits the activation of plasminogen, which is important in the production of fibrin. However, this effect is not strong enough to treat hemorrhagic conditions. In addition to reducing the risk of complications, transamin reduces the need for blood transfusion and can reduce the risk of reoperation due to bleeding.
Prevents plasminogen from being activated to plasmin
Transamin is a synthetic lysine analogue, that inhibits plasminogen from being, activated into plasmin. The drug binds to the five lysine-binding sites of plasminogen, preventing it from binding to fibrin. It may also improve platelet function in some circumstances.
The process of fibrinolysis requires plasma plasminogen to activate to plasmin by tissue-plasminogen-activator (t-PA). Plasmin degrades fibrin into fibrin/fibrin degradation products. It is essential to connect plasminogen’s lysine-binding sites to fibrin to induce fibrinolysis, but transamin inhibits this process.
Plasmin activity is essential for myogenesis and regeneration of skeletal muscle in vitro and in vivo. Transamin prevents plasminogen activation by inhibiting the activity of receptor-bound urokinase.
Transamin is an inhibitor of plasminogen and a serine protease called Plm. The compound has a variety of potential applications, including an anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer drug. The first inhibitor in this class of drugs was, designed to bind to the active site of plasmin. This prevented the enzyme from digesting the substrate, thereby inhibiting plasminolysis. Further optimization led to a second generation of inhibitors.
Inhibitors of plasminogen are, also known as plasminogen activator inhibitors. These compounds inhibit thrombin generation and platelet activation. Thrombin is more important than plasmin when it is, activated.
It has epileptogenic activity
Transamin has epileptogenic activity and is, considered a neuroleptic agent. However, this drug is, associated with a high risk of seizures, including refractory status epilepticus. This drug should therefore be used with caution. Its side effects include increased risk of seizures, as well as potential toxicity.
In animal experiments, the drug tranexamic acid exerts powerful epileptogenic activity when applied topically to the cerebral cortex. In a 68-year-old man, tranexamic acid induced epileptic seizures at the level of L4-L5. This drug is also used in a range of hemorrhagic conditions.
Not recommended for patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is, characterized by systemic activation of the coagulation pathway, which can cause bleeding or thrombosis. Patients with DIC associated with an aortic aneurysm or dissection typically have bleeding symptoms and enhanced fibrinolysis. In such patients, aortic disease should consider as a differential diagnosis and the patient treated accordingly. Transamin, a heparin-free drug, can be used to alleviate the bleeding tendency.
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a clinical syndrome in which intravascular thrombin and fibrin accumulate throughout the body and lead to organ dysfunction. It is, triggered by multiple underlying diseases so the therapeutic approach focus on treating the underlying disease. Therapeutic strategies for DIC include anticoagulants, serine protease inhibitors, fresh-frozen plasma, and antithrombin.
Patients with DIC should diagnose using clinical and laboratory information, and a standardized DIC scoring system is available to identify patients with DIC. This system provides objective measurement of the severity of the condition and correlates with key clinical observations. Patients with DIC should have their DIC testing repeated regularly to monitor the changing situation. While transamin may use for severe bleeding it is, best used for patients who have hemorrhage.
