The term resistor is used to describe an electrical component. There are several types of resistors. These include Carbon composition resistors, Surface-mount resistors, and General-purpose resistors. The main differences between these types of resistors lie in their size and composition. The following article provides an overview of resistors.
Surface-mount resistors
Surface-mount resistors are an excellent choice for printed circuit boards because they are small, compact and highly reliable. They are also ideal for applications where space is of the utmost importance, such as in medical and telecommunication equipment. They are also commonly found in personal electronics. These resistors can be fabricated to very tight tolerances and provide excellent temperature coefficient of resistance and long-term resistance stability.
These resistors come in a variety of sizes and packages. The smallest is 0.6mm x 0.30mm, while the largest is 6.3mm x 3.1mm. They are generally manufactured in a metal oxide film. The tolerance is comparatively tight, ranging from 2% to 1%.
These resistors are a great choice for many applications, and they offer the same functionality as traditional axially-leaded resistors. However, they have fewer drawbacks and lower power dissipation. The resistance level is also lower. These resistors are available in various shapes and sizes and are widely used in electronics equipment, medical equipment, and other applications.
Surface-mount chip resistors are available in a variety of case sizes and termination styles, including half-wrap and wrap-around. They are wire-bondable to ensure a good connection to associated circuitry. The materials used to manufacture these chips are time-tested and produce resistors with high stability and low TCR.
Surface-mount resistors are usually labeled with letters or numbers that represent resistance values. They can be one ohm, ten-watt, or one hundred kiloohm. The resistance value for each surface-mount resistor is listed in the resistor’s resistance value code, which is found on the product.
Surface-mount resistors are generally not marked with colour code bands, but are marked with three or four-digit codes that are easy to read. In addition to the resistance value, the code also indicates the multiplier. Some resistors even have multiple codes. It’s important to understand the marking system and make sure that you buy the correct surface-mount resistors.
Surface-mount resistors are a popular choice for printed circuit boards because they can be produced in great quantities. In fact, most consumer electronics are now manufactured using this technology. It makes manufacturing easier, reduces costs, and enhances reliability.
Carbon composition resistors
Carbon composition resistors are a great choice for a number of applications. They are safe to use, have a low cost, and can be used in electronic circuits that need to handle relatively small currents. However, they cannot be used in all types of electric circuits. Carbon composition resistors are not suitable for all types of applications.
Carbon composition resistors are made up of a carbon core and a ceramic shell. A lead is then pressed into the end of the rod or attached to it using a metal cap. The carbon core is porous, so it can absorb moisture and dirt, compromising its performance. Fortunately, most carbon composition resistors are covered in a ceramic cylinder to prevent this from happening.
Carbon composition resistors are available in a range of resistance values from 1 Mega Ohm to 22 Mega Ohm. Their resistance is indicated by color coding on the surface. The first two bands show the value of the resistor, while the third band shows the value multiplied by ten. The fourth band lists the tolerance.
Carbon composition resistors were first designed in the 1960s. They were initially used with valve and tube-based equipment. But with the advent of transistors and other electronic equipment, carbon composition resistors had to be made smaller. They were also used in welding controls, high-power supplies, and electronic circuits.
Carbon composition resistors are manufactured by mixing carbon particles with a binder and molding them into a cylindrical shape. The finished product is then baked. As the temperature decreases, the resistance of the carbon composition resistors decreases. This makes them more susceptible to drifting. However, these resistors are no longer widely used, and are now used only in specialised applications.
Non-linear resistors
Non-linear resistors differ from linear resistors in that their resistance does not change with changes in the voltage or current. This makes them useful in various applications. They are commonly used in light meters, auto-exposure circuits in cameras, and controllers for outdoor lights. Non-linear resistors also include varistors and thermistors.
Voltage-nonlinear resistors differ from linear resistors in that their composition can vary depending on the amount of metal in the material. This resistance is measured by the proportion of metal atoms to the total amount of the metal. In general, the higher the temperature, the lower the voltage nonlinearity is.
In terms of regional markets, Asia Pacific is expected to register the highest growth rate during the forecast period. This region is primarily driven by rapidly rising disposable incomes and the demand for consumer electronics. The region also features some of the leading players in the non-linear resistors market. These companies include Murata Manufacturing, AEP Components, Lucas-Nulle GmbH, and Vishay Intertechnology.
Non-linear resistors are often used in circuit simulations. In the circuit, a non-linear resistor has a resistance that increases more than proportional to the voltage applied to it. A nonlinear resistor is made of a semi-conductor material such as silicon carbide or zinc oxide.
The values of nonlinear resistors can be obtained by solving nonlinear algebraic equations. This is a tedious process, but it is possible to circumvent this by using graphical techniques. This is demonstrated in Figure 5.26. Further, a nonlinear circuit can be easily reduced to a linear circuit by using a single nonlinear resistor.
Non-linear resistors are used in circuits where the desired outcome is desired. They are important for temperature detection, ESD protection, and transient protection. They are also available in small-sized and lightweight versions. They are commonly used in electronic circuits. Some of the most common types are listed below.
Non-linear resistors are characterized by a common property called voltage saturation. Voltage regulation achieved by using nonlinear resistors is often considered inefficient. This is because a non-linear resistor increases the current flowing through it as the voltage increases. A non-linear resistor also increases the power dissipation within it.
General purpose resistors
The global General Purpose Resistors market report provides detailed information on the market size and growth rate. It also includes information about the leading players and the segments. This report is organized by type and region. It analyzes the key factors that drive the market growth. The report also highlights the recent developments in the General Purpose Resistors industry. It also provides insights about the emerging market segments.
There are three main types of resistors. The first is the standard resistor, which is available in various ohmic values. Its maximum rating is 200W. The other type is the adjustable resistor, which is used in applications where the resistance value needs to be adjusted. This kind of resistor has an adjustable sliding head that can be pulled out from its body.
Resistors are also available in different sizes. Ceramic and aluminum-cased resistors are commonly used in computers. Their size determines their power ratings. However, the power rating is not usually printed on the package, and you will need to determine the power rating by experimentation. Depending on the application, large wirewound resistors can be rated for up to 1,000 watts.
Axial resistors are also available. These are formed by applying a resistive metallic paste to their base. These are cost-efficient and offer improved resistance per square inch. They also have a lower frequency compared to other resistor types. This type of resistors is often used in circuit units that require less accuracy and permanence.
The resistance values of practical resistors can be much greater than those predicted by theory. However, this increase is not permanent, and it is only observed when a current is flowing through the resistor. This excess noise is specified in the unit of mV/V/decade and is often expressed in decibels (dB). Typically, a resistor with a noise index of 0 dB is 1 mV rms (rms) for each volt across the resistor in a decade of frequency.
The resistance values of metal-oxide film resistors are superior compared to carbon-film resistors. This type of resistor is also less noisy, and can be used in applications where temperature and endurance are important. For example, high-power wire-wound resistors are used in the dynamic braking of electric railway cars. These resistors can dissipate several kilowatts over extended periods.
